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Credit to Author: Brian Barrett| Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 11:00:00 +0000<\/strong><\/p>\n One of them<\/span> jailbroke Nintendo handhelds in a former life. Another has more than one zero-day exploit to his name. A third signed on just prior to the devastating Shadow Brokers leak<\/a>. These are a few of the members of the Windows red team, a group of hackers inside Microsoft who spend their days finding holes in the world\u2019s most popular operating system. Without them, you\u2019d be toast.<\/p>\n Many companies have a red team, or several, and they generally share the same purpose\u2014to play the role of an attacker, probing releases new and old for vulnerabilities, hoping to catch bugs before the bad guys do. Few of them, though, focus on a target as ubiquitous as Windows, an operating system that still boasts<\/a> nearly 90 percent market share for laptop and desktop computers worldwide. When Windows breaks, the whole world hears the shatter.<\/p>\n The Windows red team didn\u2019t exist four years ago. That\u2019s around the time that David Weston, who currently leads the crew as principal security group manager for Windows, made his pitch for Microsoft to rethink how it handled the security of its marquee product.<\/p>\n \u201cMost of our hardening of the Windows operating system in previous generations was: Wait for a big attack to happen, or wait for someone to tell us about a new technique, and then spend some time trying to fix that,\u201d Weston says. \u201cObviously that\u2019s not ideal when the stakes are very high.\u201d<\/p>\n Weston wanted to go beyond Microsoft\u2019s historical mode of using bug bounties and community relationships to formulate a defense. He was tired of the reactive crouch, of responding to known issues rather than discovering new ones. He wanted to play some offense.<\/p>\n Drawing inspiration from his experience with whitehat hackers at events like Pwn2Own\u2014and tired of waiting until the competition ended to glean valuable insights into Windows vulnerabilities\u2014Weston began putting together a team that would essentially conduct a Windows-focused hacking contest every day of the year.<\/p>\n You can only scan for problems you already know about. A red team finds the ones you don\u2019t.<\/p>\n Today, members of that team include Jordan Rabet, whom David noticed after Rabet showed off an impressive Nintendo 3DS jailbreak in a 2014 YouTube video<\/a>. Rabet currently focuses on browser security but also played a key role in Microsoft\u2019s response to the Spectre vulnerability<\/a> that rocked the computer industry less than a year ago.<\/p>\n Viktor Brange, who lives in Sweden, helped respond to leaked NSA Windows-hacking tool Eternal Blue<\/a> by sifting through Microsoft code base, ascertaining the severity of various issues to triage. Adam Zabrocki\u2019s deep Linux experience helps tackle kernel and virtualization issues. Jasika Bawa helps transform the team\u2019s findings into actual product improvements. And two other members of the team WIRED spoke with for this story do sensitive enough work that they requested anonymity.<\/p>\n Together, the red teamers spend their days attacking Windows. Every year, they develop a zero-day exploit to test their defensive blue-team counterparts. And when emergencies like Spectre or EternalBlue happen, they're among the first to get the call.<\/p>\n Again, red teams aren\u2019t novel; companies that can afford them\u2014and that are aware they could be targeted\u2014tend to use them. If anything, it may come as a surprise that Microsoft hadn\u2019t sicced one on Windows until so recently. Microsoft as a company already had several other red teams in place by the time Weston built one for Windows, though those focused more on operational issues like unpatched machines.<\/p>\n \u201cWindows is still the central repository of malware and exploits. Practically, there\u2019s so much business done around the world on Windows. The attacker mentality is to get the biggest return on investment in what you develop in terms of code and exploits,\u201d says Aaron Lint, who regularly works with red teams in his role as chief scientist at application protection provider Arxan. \u201cWindows is the obvious target.\u201d<\/p>\n Training that mindset internally on Windows has already paid dividends. In addition to helping mitigate Spectre and EternalBlue\u2014the team can only say so much about what, exactly, they did in either case\u2014they\u2019ve notched some important wins that helped not only Microsoft, but the entire industry.<\/p>\n