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Credit to Author: Garrett M. Graff| Date: Mon, 09 Dec 2019 20:44:12 +0000<\/strong><\/p>\n Inspector general Michael Horowitz's report shows that the FBI's investigation of ties between Russia and the Trump campaign was both justified and without political bias.<\/p>\n Maybe, just maybe, there\u2019s no Deep State plot<\/a> to get Donald Trump after all.<\/p>\n For more than a year, Trump\u2019s backers have held out hope that a long-running investigation by the Justice Department\u2019s inspector general would blow the lid off of a government-wide conspiracy. Everyone from Fox News to QAnon has speculated<\/a> that the IG report would\u2014in some undefined manner\u2014expose the corrupt intentions of former FBI director James Comey, deputy Andrew McCabe, director of national intelligence James Clapper, CIA director John Brennan, Peter Strzok, Lisa Page, Robert Mueller, Hillary Clinton, Christopher Steele, and the whole cast of \u201cDeep State\u201d characters who had it out for Trump in 2016.<\/p>\n It does nothing of the sort. On Monday, inspector general Michael Horowitz released the nearly 500-page \u201cReview of Four FISA Applications and Other Aspects of the FBI\u2019s Crossfire Hurricane Investigation,\u201d referring to the agency\u2019s probe of potential links between Russia and the Trump campaign. The report summarizes an investigation that encompassed more than 170 interviews with more than 100 witnesses, as well as the review of a million documents.<\/p>\n If anything, it seems the FBI should have investigated harder than it did.<\/p>\n Shocking precisely no one who has been paying attention to the facts, the IG report finds in broad strokes that the FBI\u2019s investigation of Trump\u2019s campaign in 2016 was properly predicated, opened under correct evidentiary procedures, and conducted lawfully. Horowitz did find at least 17 violations of various Justice Department procedures\u2014relating to FISA surveillance applications for Trump campaign adviser Carter Page<\/a>\u2014but nothing that would give credence to the Trump's long-running grievance that the entirety of the US government was out to get him in 2016.<\/p>\n Instead, Horowitz concludes, the FBI was rightly troubled by the signals it picked up in 2016 that Russia had nefarious designs on that year\u2019s presidential election. The FBI had an \u201cauthorized purpose\u201d to launch the investigation, Horowitz says, which was briefed to bureau leaders and designated a \u201csensitive investigative matter.\u201d The FBI\u2019s use of confidential sources was appropriate, and there is no \u201cdocumentary or testimonial evidence that political bias or improper motivation\u201d played a role in the case. One by one, Horowitz undermines the key conspiracy talking points of Trumpland\u2014including that Trump campaign aide George Papadopoulos was approached by a CIA plant.<\/p>\n That said, Horowitz does find the numerous failures in the Page surveillance applications troubling enough to merit a review of the FBI\u2019s FISA procedures more broadly. \u201cAlthough some of the factual misstatements and omissions we found in this review were arguably more significant than others, we believe that all of them taken together resulted in FISA applications that made it appear that the information supporting probable cause was stronger than was actually the case,\u201d the report states.<\/p>\n Perhaps more than anything, the IG report concludes that the FBI\u2019s Crossfire Hurricane<\/a> investigation was beset by the normal problems of government, large bureaucracies, and team projects, more incompetence and rushed work than conspiracy. At multiple junctures, Horowitz\u2019s report stresses that the errors it found were accidental rather than malicious\u2014although, he argues, that should be no excuse.<\/p>\n \u201cThat so many basic and fundamental errors were made by three separate, hand-picked teams on one of the most sensitive FBI investigations that was briefed to the highest levels within the FBI, and that FBI officials expected would eventually be subjected to close scrutiny, raised significant questions regarding the FBI chain of command's management and supervision of the FISA process,\u201d the report says.<\/p>\n But the IG report also paints a picture of an agency that stopped short of investigative steps that, in hindsight, would seem necessarily and obvious. The FBI did not ultimately pursue FISA surveillance on three Trump aides\u2014Papadopoulos, campaign chair Paul Manafort, and retired general Michael Flynn\u2014all of whom would later become key figures in special counsel Robert Mueller\u2019s investigation<\/a>. If anything, it seems the FBI should have investigated harder than it did.<\/p>\n In response to the report, FBI director Christopher Wray announced<\/a> Monday that he\u2019d ordered \u201cmore than 40 corrective steps\u201d to address shortcomings highlighted by Horowitz.<\/p>\n The report was greeted with relief by those long thought to be most squarely in its crosshairs. Strzok\u2019s attorney, Aitan Goelman, said in a statement that Horowitz \u201cconfirms what everyone who has worked with Pete Strzok already knew\u2014in 25 years of protecting our country, his personal opinions never impacted his work as an official of the FBI. Those who recklessly deny this truth for political gain do a grave disservice.\u201d<\/p>\n It\u2019s unclear, though, what if any impact Horowitz\u2019s report will have on the *other* pending Justice Department inquiry into its own actions in 2016, an investigation led by Connecticut US attorney John Durham that apparently has at least some component that is an active criminal probe<\/a>. Attorney general Bill Barr has been deeply invested as well, conducting in-person reconnaissance on Durham\u2019s behalf.<\/p>\n There\u2019s still reason to worry that the country isn\u2019t yet out of the GOP\u2019s fever swamp<\/a>. Barr\u2019s own legwork on the Durham probe has left US allies dismayed. As one British official who saw what Barr wanted from that country told the UK\u2019s Independent<\/em><\/a>, \u201cIt is like nothing we have come across before, they are basically asking, in quite robust terms, for help in doing a hatchet job on their own intelligence services.\u201d<\/p>\n In a bizarre breach of protocol, Durham himself commented on the Horowitz report even as his own investigation is ongoing, saying he does \u201cnot agree with of the report\u2019s conclusions.\u201d In his own statement, Barr ignored the IG\u2019s conclusion that investigation was justified. \u201cThe Inspector General\u2019s report now makes clear that the FBI launched an intrusive investigation of a US presidential campaign on the thinnest of suspicions that, in my view, were insufficient to justify the steps taken,\u201d Barr wrote. \u201cIt is also clear that, from its inception, the evidence produced by the investigation was consistently exculpatory.\u201d<\/p>\n And then there\u2019s Trump himself, whose assessment of the report feels entirely disconnected from reality. \u201cIt\u2019s incredible, far worse than what I ever thought possible,\u201d Trump said<\/a> at the White House Monday. \u201cThis was an attempted overthrow and a lot of people were in on it, and they got caught.\u201d<\/p>\n Which is to say, who knows where Barr\u2019s theories may yet take us in the coming weeks? The GOP has been increasingly willing to embrace unhinged conspiracies<\/a>, including the idea that Ukraine meddled in the 2016 election rather than Russia<\/a>. Given that level of disconnect from ground truth, don\u2019t expect the inspector general\u2019s report to put an end to Deep State delusions. It appears set to simply add more fuel to the fire.<\/p>\n